MAIN CRITERIA OF MEDIEVAL EASTERN RATIONALITY

DOI: 10.24412/2470-1262-2021-3-39-49

 Abstract:

Eastern rationalism was formed and developed under the conditions of Islamic monotheism. Eastern rationality not only showed the power and ability of reason in solving logical and epistemological problems, but also recognized its superiority in answering vital questions and tasks. Eastern rationality was addressed to the highest principle and principle of all that exists. According to the ideas of the Koran, Eastern rationality was reduced to three principles: Allah is the only God and the reason for being; the world is the result of God’s creation; man is a creation of God, but he has a special purpose. In comprehending the Qur’anic truth developed by different directions of Islamic philosophy, representatives of Eastern philosophy relied on ancient Greek rationality, where the ontological understanding of rationality was laid. The deep ontology of eastern rationality is contained in the First Being, thus, in solving epistemological problems, they recognized the superiority of God, as well as in the comprehension of moral tasks. On the basis of the teachings of the ideas of the ancient Greek philosophers Al – Farabi, Ibn Sina and other representatives of Islamic philosophy were engaged in substantiating the idea of God and solving the problem of knowledge of God. Eastern thinkers showed interest in natural scientific knowledge about nature, and were inclined to scientific knowledge of the entire world of the manifested, and not the hidden, transcendental world.

Keywords: Ontology of understanding, the reason for being, the creation of God, eastern peripateticism, the ability of reason

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Information about the authors:

 Niginakhon A. Shermuhamedova (Tashkent, Uzbekistan) – Doctor of Philosophical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of “Philosophy and the Basics of Spirituality” of the National University of Uzbekistan (100174, Tashkent, Almazar District, University Street 4, e-mail: shermuhamedova_n@mail.ru, Scopus Author ID: 57210286652, ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6887-2479)

She published more than 60 papers. Spheres of interest: ontology, epistemology, philosophy of science, philosophy of education, globalization.

Mustafo T. Khidirov (Tashkent, Uzbekistan) – Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Lecturer at the Department of “Philosophy and the Basics of Spirituality” of the National University of Uzbekistan (100174, Tashkent, Almazar District, University Street 4, e-mail: xmt.2017@mail.ru, ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5093-8548

Javlonbek A. Kodirov (Tashkent, Uzbekistan) – Lecturer at the Department of “Philosophy and the Basics of Spirituality” of the National University of Uzbekistan (100174, Tashkent, Almazar District, University Street 4, e-mail: javlonkodirov06@gmail.com, ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5429-2112

Contribution of the authors. The authors contributed equally to

For citation: Shermuhamedova N.A., Khidirov M.T., Kodirov J.A., (2021). Main Criteria of Medieval Eastern Rationality. Cross-Cultural Studies: Education and Science, Vol.6, Issue 3 (2021), pp. 39-49 (in USA)

Manuscript received: 19/07/2021 – Accepted for publication: 30/09/2021